Bai / Pai
柏 is attested as a current surname within Chinese naming systems. The bǎi reading is described as relatively common among Han, Manchu, Mongol, Hui, Miao, Bouyei, Hani, and other ethnic groups; the page also says it is included in Zheng Tongzhi’s Shizu Lüe.
According to the page’s secondary citations, Zheng Qiao quoted Fengsu Tong as tracing the surname to descendants of Baihuangshi and listed Bailiangfu, Baizhao, and Baijing as possible early ancestors. Xingshi Kaolüe separately states that, after the state of Bai was destroyed by Chu in the Spring and Autumn period, some descendants adopted the state name as their surname.
The page, citing Qingchao Tongzhi, Shizu Lüe, Menggu Baqi Xing, says the Mongol Sartu clan descended from the Sa'erzhiwuti group. From the mid-Qing period onward, members of this clan and a Manchu branch that had adopted it reportedly formed the Han-style surname 柏 from the initial sound of an ancestor’s name.
The page lists Pingyuan, Weijun, Jiyang, Xianyang, and Haian as hall names established from ancestral commandery associations, and identifies Zhongshu Hall as the principal hall name of Bai ancestral temples, originating from Wei Commandery.
The page separately lists the surname readings bǎi, bó, bēi, and běi, and treats them as distinct surnames written with the same character. It explicitly says their common origin is unknown, so they should not automatically be merged into one lineage.
Start with ancestral counties, villages, personal names and dates. Record genealogy titles, volumes, editions and catalog identifiers. A shared surname does not prove a shared lineage; compare branch records.
These catalogs or datasets attest written names, not every origin or lineage claim on this page.
This page includes automatically organized material. Check the references and original family documents.
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