Dai / Tai
The Dai surname ranks 57th among surnames in mainland China, with a population of approximately 5.292 million. It is mainly distributed in Anhui, Hubei, and Jiangsu, followed by Hunan, Sichuan, Guangdong, and other areas.
The main branch of the Dai surname descends from the Shang dynasty lineage of Weizi Qi. The descendants of Song Duke Dai adopted “Dai,” his posthumous title, as their surname, and later generations honored him as the founding ancestor of the Dai surname.
The Dai surname also includes a branch formed by descendants of the Ji-surname state of Dai in the Spring and Autumn period, as well as branches formed through sinicization and surname changes among Mongolian, Manchu, Ewenki, and other ethnic groups.
The principal commanderies associated with the Dai surname are Qiao, Guangling, and Qinghe. Hall names include Guangling Hall, Qiaoguo Hall, Qinghe Hall, Dubu Hall, and Zhuli Hall.
Before the Qin dynasty, the Dai surname was concentrated mainly in eastern Henan. Migration to Jiangnan had begun by the Western Han; in the early Tang, one branch moved from Gushi in Henan to Fujian, followed later by migration from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Fujian to Taiwan and overseas.
Dai De and Dai Sheng compiled the Da Dai Li Ji and Xiao Dai Li Ji respectively. Dai Kui was a painter of the Eastern Jin, and Dai Anlan was a military commander of modern times.
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