Dongguo / Tung-kuo
Dongguo (traditional: 東郭; pinyin: dōng guō) is a Han Chinese compound surname. It ranks 468th in the Song-dynasty edition of the Hundred Family Surnames; its population is outside the top 300 in mainland China and is not listed in Taiwan.
One branch originated from the Jiang lineage. Descendants of Duke Huan of Qi administered the eastern part of Linzi's outer city and were known as Dongguo Dafu. Their descendants adopted Dongguo from the ancestral office or place of residence, while many later shortened it to Dong or Guo.
Another branch derived from the Ji-lineage state of Eastern Guo, also called Dongguo. After Duke Wu of Zheng destroyed it in 767 BCE, members of its royal house and populace adopted surnames including Dongguo, Dongguo written with 虢, Guo written with 虢, and Guo written with 郭.
The Treatise on Clans in the Comprehensive Records of Zheng lists Dongguo as a Jiang-lineage surname of Qi's ruling clan descended from Duke Huan. The Examination of Surnames, quoting the Genealogy of Surnames, records that Qi nobles adopted surnames from the sector of the city walls where they lived.
The Dongguo surname is associated with the Jinan and Dong commanderies. Its hall names include Jinan Hall and Dong Commandery Hall, the latter also called Wuyang Hall. Qi Commandery is also recorded as an ancestral commandery.
Dongguo Ya was an official of Qi during the Spring and Autumn period. Dongguo Shunzi was a Warring States worthy and teacher of Tian Fangzi. Dongguo Yannian was an Eastern Han practitioner of esoteric arts who knew sexual cultivation techniques.
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