Gong / Gong
The contemporary Gong surname has a population of about 370,000, accounting for approximately 0.029% of China’s population. Its distribution is concentrated in the north, especially Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Gansu, Heilongjiang, and Hebei.
The Gong surname is chiefly associated with a Ji-surname place-name or fief origin. It is also recorded among ancient Qiang groups, with accounts of adoption by Manchu, Mongolian, and Xibe groups.
Relevant surname works record Gong as a surname and give multiple origins, including a place-name origin, descent from Ji-surname Gong Jiangong, descent from Gong Bo, its presence among the Sheng Qiang, and adoption by the Xibe Kongguer clan.
In the early Southern Song, Gong Tingzhi moved from Xucheng in Shandong to Quhu in Wuyi, Zhejiang. Among contemporary users classified by ancestral origin, Shandong, Shanxi, and Shaanxi have the highest shares.
Gong Shuo was a Jin official in the Spring and Autumn period. Gong Tingzhi, Gong Xiang, Gong Rong, and Gong Feng were Song-period figures of the surname. In the Ming period, Gong Zhen accompanied Zheng He on his voyages and wrote Xiyang Fanguo Zhi.
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