Surname Overview
Population and Distribution
The modern Jiao surname has about 1.15 million people, concentrated mainly in Henan, Hebei, and Inner Mongolia; Henan is its largest province.
Jiao Surname
Population reference (not a current census): 1,236,969Jiao / Chiao
Origins
Jiang-Surname Origin
One origin of the Jiao surname comes from the Jiang surname: King Wu of Zhou enfeoffed a descendant of Shennong in Jiao, and after the state was destroyed, its people adopted the state name as their surname.
Historical Records
Classical Records
The Tongzhi: Shizu Lue, Guangyun, and Shiji record that a descendant of Shennong was enfeoffed in Jiao and established the state of Jiao in the early Zhou period; its descendants adopted the state name as their surname.
Commanderies and Clan Halls
Hall Name
The Runzhou Jiao genealogical record uses the hall name Sanzhao Hall.
Migration and Distribution
Migration and Expansion
During periods of social upheaval, some Jiao families moved southward to Shaanxi, Ningxia, and Gansu; after the Jingkang Incident in the Song dynasty, they gradually moved to Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang.
Notable People
Historical Figures
Jiao Xian was a hermit of the late Eastern Han; Jiao Yanshou was a Western Han scholar of the classics; Jiao Baoyuan was a painter of the Liang dynasty; Jiao Hong was a Ming scholar; and Jiao Xun was a theorist of traditional Chinese opera.
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