Origins
Two Reported Origin Traditions
The source presents two accounts without resolving their relationship: one says the surname derives from descendants of Liao Cang, a Han-dynasty palace attendant, with Liao Cang as the founding ancestor; the other says that descendants of a Spring and Autumn-period Qi grandee who held a fief at Liao adopted the place name as their surname, citing the Fengsu Tong.
Reference: 聊姓_聊姓的来源和历史_百家姓
Historical Records
Documentary Attestations and Citations
The source states that the Clan Records sections of Zheng Tongzhi and Xu Tongzhi both record the surname, and that Xing shi kao lüe quotes Yuanhe xing zuan: “A Qi grandee held a fief at Liao; his descendants adopted the place name as their surname.” These are the source page’s reports of attestations and quotations, not an independent verification of the original works here.
Reference: 聊姓_聊姓的来源和历史_百家姓