Mao / Mao
The Mao surname has three main lines: one from the Yi surname and two from the Ji surname. The Yi line came from the ancient Mao people; the two Ji lines came respectively from the Mao states in Shaanxi and Henan and took the state name as their surname.
The Mao surname is recorded in Zheng Qiao's Zheng Tongzhi, Clan Records; related surname records list figures including Mao Sui, Mao Heng, Mao Yanshou, Mao Qiling, and Mao Zedong.
Mao surname commanderies include Xihe, Xingyang, Beidi, and Heyang. Hall names include Xihe, Xingyang, Heyang, also called Xunyang, Beidi, and Sheshi.
Before the Qin period, the Mao surname was mainly active in Henan and Hubei. From the Han dynasties through the Tang, it was concentrated in the north; after the late Tang, it grew rapidly in Shandong and the areas of Anhui, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu. After the Song, many moved southeast and to Huguang, and entered Taiwan in the early Qing.
Mao Sui was a Warring States figure from Zhao and a retainer of Lord Pingyuan, famous for the idiom “Mao Sui recommends himself.” Mao Heng and Mao Chang were Western Han scholars of the Classic of Poetry, known respectively as the “Greater Mao Gong” and “Lesser Mao Gong.”
After leading his eldest son Mao Qingyi and fourth son Mao Qingsi north, Mao Taihua settled outside the north gate of Xiangxiang in Hunan. More than ten years later, Mao Qingyi and Mao Qingsi moved to the thirty-ninth district of Xiangtan, now Shaoshan, where they settled. Mao Zedong appeared in this line in the twentieth generation after Mao Taihua.
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