Qi / Ch'i
The Qi surname is traced to the Yellow Emperor, with Emperor Yao and Qi Xi traditionally regarded as founding ancestors. Qi migrants from the Hongdong locust tree in the early Ming later became distributed across many regions.
The Qi surname is described as having four main origins: the Ji surname, an official title, a fief, and descendants of Emperor Yao. The Ji-surname branch is associated with Qi Xi, a Jin official in the Spring and Autumn period, receiving Qi as his fief.
The earliest recorded mention of the Qi surname appears in the Eastern Han work Qianfu Lun.
The Qi surname is chiefly associated with Taiyuan and Fufeng commanderies, and its principal hall name is Sanbu Hall.
In early periods, the Qi surname was mainly active in northern areas such as Shanxi. After the partition of Jin, it spread across Shanxi, Hebei, and Henan, and after the Southern Song it gradually expanded into Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi.
Qi Xi was a Jin official in the Spring and Autumn period; Qi Geng lived in Wu during the Three Kingdoms; Qi Zai was a court physician of the Jin period; Qi Biaojia was a Ming official; and Qi Yunshi was a Qing jinshi and Minister of Works.
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