The Shuai surname derives from the Ji surname. In the Spring and Autumn period, Wang Jizi, son of King Kuang of Zhou, was enfeoffed at Liu; descendants of Liu Kang Gong included the Shi surname. In the early Western Jin, descendants of the Shi surname changed to Shuai to avoid the personal name of Emperor Jing of Jin, Sima Shi. The Ji-derived Shuai surname has a history of approximately 1,700 years.
During the Song dynasty, the Shuai population was sparse and appeared only in Sichuan. During the Ming dynasty, the population reached approximately 16,000 and was mainly distributed in Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Anhui, Guizhou, and Hunan; Jiangxi held about 32% of the national Shuai population.
The Shuai surname is associated with Henan Commandery and Taiyuan Prefecture.
Today, the Shuai surname is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Hunan, Anhui, Henan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guizhou; Jiangxi remains the largest province, containing 27% of the total Shuai population.
The Shuai family statistics include Shuai families from Yiyang and Hanshou in Hunan; Fuzhou, Fengxin, and Jinxian in Jiangxi; and Macheng and Hong'an in Hubei.
Among contemporary Shuai surname users, the main ethnic groups are Han and Hui, at 98.2% and 1.8% respectively. The Shuai surname has also been found among the Tujia, Shui, Lisu, Dai, and Wa peoples.
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