Surname Overview
Rare Compound Surname
Báimǎ (bái mǎ) is a historically rare compound surname; some descendants later adopted the single-character surname Ma.
Báimǎ Surname
Surname profileBáimǎ / Pai-ma
Origins
Five Origins
The recorded origins of the Báimǎ surname include the Zi clan, the Ji clan, a place name, an occupational designation, and the clan name of the Di people among the Western Yi.
Historical Records
Textual Attestations
The Fengsu Tong records that Song Weizi visited Zhou riding a white horse, after which the Báimǎ clan arose; the Qianfu Lun records occupational and place-name origins; and the Tongzhi: Shizu Lue records that Gongsun Zan of Han often rode a white horse in You and Bing, giving rise to one Báimǎ branch.
Commanderies and Clan Halls
Commanderies and Hall Names
The Báimǎ surname is associated with the commanderies of Hongnong, Tianshui (Shanggui), and Henei, and with the hall names Hongnong Hall (also called Huannong Hall), Tianshui Hall (also called Shanggui Hall), and Henei Hall.
Migration and Distribution
Present Distribution
The Báimǎ compound surname has almost disappeared from mainland China. A small number of Báimǎ clan members remain among the Baima Tibetans of Pingwu County, Mianyang, Sichuan; most members adopted single surnames such as Bai or Ma, with Hongnong, Shanggui, and Henei as major commandery associations.
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