Bèi / Pei
The source reads 背 as bèi and explicitly describes it as a rare surname currently in use. It is found in Lushui, Yunnan, and is used among the Lisu people, placing it within the Chinese naming systems discussed by the source but not limiting it to Han Chinese.
According to the page's secondary citation, the Dictionary of Chinese Surnames, Ancient and Modern quotes Shupu as saying that the surname 背 is an abbreviated written form of 鄁.
The page reports that the Complete Book of Chinese Surnames derives the surname from an ancient settlement called 背, whose residents adopted its name. The additional claim that they descended from Weizi, founder of the state of Song in the Zhou period, is explicitly qualified as hearsay and is not a verified lineage.
The page says that Zheng Tongzhi: Shizu Lü records the surname and notes under 邶 that it was also written 鄁 or 背 and was the Shang capital. This is the page's report of the text, not an independent verification of the original work.
The page additionally records the surname 背 in Huainan, Anhui, lists its origin as Ji Commandery, and gives 鄁 as a variant. It supplies no date, migration route, or ethnic affiliation for this record.
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