The Zangsun surname descended from the Ji-surnamed ruling house of Lu. Kou, a son of Duke Xiao of Lu, received a fief at Zang, and his descendants adopted Zangsun as their surname.
Kou's descendants divided into Zangsun and Zang branches. Some members of the Zangsun branch later omitted “sun” and adopted the single-character surname Zang.
The early lineage is recorded as Zang Xibo Kou, followed by Zangsun Da, Zangsun Ping, and Zangsun Chen; later generations included Zangsun Xu, Zangsun He, and Zang Wei.
Zangsun Chen, Zangsun Xu, and Zangsun He served as officials of Lu. Zangsun Chen, courtesy name Wenzhong, served under Dukes Zhuang, Min, Xi, and Wen of Lu.
Two accounts explain the formation of Zangsun: Kou held the fief of Zang and his descendants used the place-name as their surname, or Kou's courtesy name was Zizang and his grandson adopted his grandfather's courtesy name as the surname.
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