Qin Feizi is recorded as a descendant of Emperor Zhuanxu, the founder of Qin, and the leader of a Ying-surname tribe; his ancestor Dafei, also known as Boyi, was granted the Ying surname by Shun.
After Feizi was enfeoffed in Qin, he used “Qin,” the name of his fief, as his clan designation and was called “Qin Ying,” linking the Ying surname and Ying lineage with the Qin clan designation.
The Records of the Grand Historian states that the states of the Ying surname shared one ancestor, and that Qin's ancestors belonged to the Ying surname and remained in Xirong to protect Xichui.
In an account concerning the Zhao lineage, the words attributed to Zhao Jianzi's statement from Heaven say that “the Ying surname, from which the Zhao clan began, would greatly defeat the Zhou people.”
Duke Xiang of Qin was the second son of Duke Zhuang, bore the Ying surname, had an unrecorded personal name, and founded Qin as a state during the Spring and Autumn period.
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