Xu / Hsü
The Xu surname mainly has two origins: Xu You and the Jiang surname.
Among Xu-surname users in 23Mofang's genetic testing data, ancestral origins are mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Zhejiang, accounting for 16.2%, 11.0%, and 11.0%, respectively.
After Zhou conquered Shang, Wenshu, a descendant of Yandi, was enfeoffed in Xu; the former land of Xu was east of present-day Xuchang, Henan. Xu was destroyed by Chu in the early Warring States period, after which its descendants adopted the state name as their surname.
During the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Xu surname grew rapidly in Henan and Hebei and formed the two major commanderies of Gaoyang and Runan.
By the Sui and Tang period, the Xu surname had spread to Anhui, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hunan, and Yunnan. Southern migration in the early Tang brought it into Fujian for the first time; it entered Guangdong during the Song and Yuan periods and reached Taiwan by the late Ming.
In the 23Mofang family database, the Xu surname currently has 842 families across 25 provinces, ranking 17th among all surnames by number of families.
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