Zhuge / Chu-ko
Zhuge is a relatively common compound surname today. It is widely distributed but not numerous, occurring in places including Beijing, Wuqing in Tianjin, Jize in Hebei, Taiyuan in Shanxi, Jinx i in Jiangxi, Yongfu in Fujian, and Congjiang in Guizhou. The surname is found among the Han and Tujia peoples and is also recorded in Zheng Tongzhi: Shizulüe.
Three origin traditions are recorded: descendants of Ge Bo became Zhuge after moving from Zhuxian to Yangdu; descendants of the Youxiong clan, known as Zhan'ge, were transformed into Zhuge through phonetic corruption in Qi; and descendants of Ge Ying adopted Zhuge after his grandson was enfeoffed as Marquis of Zhu County.
The Zhuge clan's commandery association is Langya. Its hall names include Langya Hall, Three Visits Hall, Wolong Hall, Desheng Hall, Zishu Hall, and Shangli Hall.
Among contemporary Zhuge users, ancestral origins are mainly distributed in Zhejiang (40.6%), Jiangsu (25.0%), Guangxi (18.8%), Shandong (12.5%), and Chongqing (3.1%).
Historical figures with the Zhuge surname include Zhuge Feng, a Western Han commandant of the Sili; Zhuge Liang, a Shu Han chancellor during the Three Kingdoms period; Zhuge Jin, a statesman of Eastern Wu; Zhuge Shuang, a Tang-period military commander; and Zhuge Gao, a Song-period metalworker from Xuancheng.
Local genealogies in Linyi state that many Zhuge residents there descend from Zhuge Liang. However, the cited historical materials differ from historical records, so they cannot be identified as Zhuge Liang's direct descendants on that basis. They can at least be regarded as descendants of other Zhuge clansmen who remained in Langya Commandery.
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